Liver cancer, often called the ‘silent killer,’ is on the rise in Malaysia, striking without warning and leaving many undiagnosed until it is too late. New data reveals a worrying trend in liver cancer cases as more Malaysians are falling victim to this deadly disease, making it one of the top ten cancers in the country. But why is it happening, and what can be done to stop it? 

According to the Malaysia National Cancer Registry Report 2017-2021, liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer among Malaysians. It ranks as the fourth most prevalent among Malaysian men, while among women, it holds the tenth spot. This marks a significant increase   from the 2012-2016 period, where it was only among the top ten cancers for men. The incidence peaks in those aged 70-74, with a noticeable rise in cases across most groups since 2017, especially after 40. Notably, the Chinese population faces the highest lifetime risk of developing liver cancer. Additionally, most liver cancer cases are diagnosed at advanced stages (stage III and IV), where effective treatment options are limited.  

A major contributor to liver cancer is cirrhosis, a progressive and irreversible deterioration of the liver that can turn cancerous over time. The most common type of liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is strongly linked to cirrhosis. 

Liver cancer can be prevented by reducing exposure to risk factors such as infection with Hepatitis B and C viruses. This includes getting the Hepatitis B vaccine, undergoing regular HBV and HCV screenings, and receiving early treatment to reduce liver damage. Additionally, avoiding alcohol, quitting smoking, and maintaining a healthy weight can lower the risk by preventing cirrhosis and fatty liver disease. 

In conclusion, liver cancer continues to pose a growing challenge in Malaysia. Public health initiatives focusing on awareness, prevention, and early detection are key to reducing the impact of this silent killer.